The Modern Welfare State Essay - 2889 Words

Introduction Article 25 of the United Nations Declaration of Human Rights, (UNDHR) legitimizes the socio-economic rights of citizens of all nations as stated below: Everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate for the health and well being of himself and his family, including food, clothing, housing, and medical care and necessary social services, and the right to security in the event of unemployment, sickness, disability, widowhood, old age or other lack of livelihood in circumstances beyond his control† (Hartley Dean; 2004). The human subject is endemically vulnerable and to survive requires collective organized mechanism for mutual cooperation and support (Hartley Dean; 2004). To manage this endemic vulnerability the†¦show more content†¦A random Google search using the term â€Å"welfare state† will reveal multiple results. However the following three capture the essential elements across the social, economic and political schools of thoughts. They describe the welfare state as 1. A set of government program that attempt to provide economic security for populations by providing for the people when they are unemployed, ill or elderly. 2. A system whereby the state undertakes ostensibly to protect the health and well-being of its citizens, especially those in financial needs . 3. A state whose government devotes a very large proportion of its activities and expenditures to the direct provision of the personal benefits to be consumed by qualifying individuals or families, or governmental entities in the form of supplies, professional services, government issued stipends, allowances or subsidies. Central in all these definitions is the role of the state vis-à  -vis the citizens. The state has the responsibility to carter for its citizens irrespective of what the citizens do for the state. This means that the welfare state is not a give and take or a â€Å"two way game†. 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Customer Experience Management At The Food And Beverage Staff

In any industry, it is important for food and beverage staff to share their experiences of service recovery. Service recovery is important in managing negative moments of truth to achieve high service standards. However, to achieve high service standards, effective communication and teamwork are competencies that all Food and Beverage attendants should possess. In addition, staff training programs can assist in ensuring that all staff members have these attributes to achieve high service standards. Lastly, contributing to achieving high service standards is the effective use of the concept of â€Å"Knowledge Management† and â€Å"Customer Experience Management†. 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Biathlon Training Effects and Processes free essay sample

Strengths and WeaknessesPage 2 C: Training DiaryPage 4 D: Justification of ProgrammePage 5 E: Programme ModificationsPage 6 F: EvaluationPage 7 G: AppendicesPage 8 H: BibliographyPage 9 Introduction The Biathlon is generally any sporting event made up of two disciplines. In our case this term, the two different sports are swimming and running. The swim is conducted first in a length of 300 metres in a 50 metre Olympic pool and the run is followed as 8 laps of approximately 375 metres around a course totalling to 3 kilometres of running. Thus, our biathlon is; a 300m swim followed with a 3km run. This event is timed and also accounts for the switch-up athletes have to perform, from swimmers into appropriate clothes for the run while drying themselves off quickly in the process. This can be a crucial part in the event as precious time can be lost, resulting in a slower overall time. I have extensive experiences with this event as I have completed many swim/run biathlons along with my swimming training throughout the past few years. I also participated in the Year 11 biathlon term last year, breaking a school record and achieving a high practical assessment mark. This term I set myself the chief goal to break that record again through a training programme I designed in conjunction with my swimming coach and my teacher. This was done by identifying my strengths and weaknesses to formulate a personalised action plan to achieve the goals I aimed for and with that, a training diary was implemented to record everything I was doing. The purpose of this assignment is to evaluate my original performance, to design and justify my training programme in relation to the processes and effects of training and exercising, and to explain and clarify why the programme helped improve my performance in the biathlon. Strengths and Weaknesses As a biathlete it is important to identify strengths and more importantly, weaknesses. There is a lot I can improve on, whether it is technique, endurance or speed. Some of my main strength and weakness can be observed in Figure 1 below: Figure 1: Strengths and weaknesses in relation to biathlon Strengths |Weaknesses | |Good swimmer |Small parts of my Swimming technique | |Good runner |Large parts of my Running technique | |Good endurance |Running speed and endurance | |Relatively fit |Overall leg strength | It is evident that there are many things to improve on such as my swimming and running technique which can be modified with the help of my teacher and swimming coach. My running speed and endurance definitely need a work on along with my leg strength. By working on my weaknesses and hopefully improving my overall time, I can accomplish the goals I have set out to achieve. I designed a personalised action plan to assist with achieving my targets. This action plan should guide me through what I need to include in my training programme. My action plan along with my goals are emphasized in Figure 2. Figure 2: Personalised action plan Goal |Action Plan | |Beat my record of 16:30 with a personal best |Improve on all my main weaknesses | |Run the 3km of the Biathlon under 11:30 |Improve on all my running weaknesses | The goals I set myself should be S. M. A. R. T goals. S. M. A. R. T goals can be summed up as shown in Figure 3, as they have to be Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Relevant (Realistic) and Time Bound. My goals as seen in Figure 2 meet all of these requirements: they are both specific, measurable by time, and quite achievable while being realistic. Genera lly there are three main types of goals, outcome, performance and process goals. Outcome goals rely on the results of other performers, while Performance goals focus on individual performance whereas Process goals focus on technique. My goals both do not focus or rely on any other competitors and can be classified as Performance goals. Although my goals do not focus on technique, the action plan I need to take, does. Technique is always a vital part of a Biathlon, in the run and the swim, and should always be taken into consideration. Figure 3: Goal setting Therefore through these strengths, weaknesses, goals and the coinciding action plan, a Training Diary can be designed to hopefully produce an improvement in my end-of-term Biathlon performance. Training Diary Figure 4 and Figure 5 portray the 4 week training cycle in a table format that will prepare me for the final biathlon event. Day |Week 1 |Week 2 |Week 3 |Week 4 | |Thursday PM |Intensive Interval: |Intensive Interval: |Intensive Interval: |Intensive Interval: | | |Distance, 5km |Distance, 6km |Distance, 5km |Distance, 4. 6km | |Friday AM |Intensive Interval: |Intensive Interval: |Intensive Interval: |Intensive Interval: | | |Sprints, 4. 6km |Sprints, 4. 5 km |Sprints, 4. 6km |Sprints, 3. 4km | |Friday PM |Recovery Interval: |Recovery Interval: |Recovery Interval: |Recovery Interval: | | |Sprints, 5km |Sprints, 4. 2km |Sprints, 5km |Sprints, 3. km | |Saturday AM |Intensive Interval: |Intensive Interval: |Intensive Interval: |Intensive Interval: | | |Distance, 7km |Distance, 7. 3km |Distance, 8km |Distance, 4. 7km | |Monday AM |Intensive Interval: |Intensive Interval: |Intensive Interval: |Intensive Interval: | | |Sprints, 5. 8km |Sprints, 5km |Sprints, 5. 3km |Sprints, 4. 9km | |Monday PM |Intensive Interval: |Intensive Interval: |Intensive Interval: |Intensive Interval: | | |Distance, 6km |Distance, 6. km |Distance, 6km |Distance, 5. 7km | |Tuesday AM |Recovery Interval: |Recovery Interval: |Recovery Interval: |Recovery Interval: | | |Distance, 4. 8km |Distance, 5. 7km |Distance, 4. 8km |Distance, 4. 1km | |Tuesday PM |Intensive Interval: |Intensive Interval: |Intensive Interval: |Intensive Interval: | | |Distance, 6. 3km |Distance, 6. 4km |Distance, 6. km |Distance, 3km | |Wednesday AM |Recovery Interval: |Recovery Interval: |Recovery Interval: |Recovery Interval: | | |Distance, 6km |Distance, 5km |Distance, 6km |Sprints, 3. 4km | |Wednesday PM |Intensive Interval: |Intensive Interval: |Intensive Interval: |Recovery Taper: | | |Sprints, 4km |Sprints, 4. 3km |Sprints, 4km |Pre-Race, 1. 5km | Figure 4: The swimming training at my swimming club that I will undertake throughout the 4 weeks. Day |Week 1 |Week 2 |Week 3 |Week 4 | |Thursday (SCHOOL RUN) |Practice Biathlon |Intensive Interval: |Intensive Interval: |Intensive Interval: | | |Time Trial |200m sprints |200m sprints |200m sprints | |Friday AM (CLUB RUN) |Continuous: |Continuous: |Continuous: |Continuous: | | |Time Trial, 3km |Time Trial, 3km |Time Trial, 3km |Time Trial, 2km | |Tuesday AM (CLUB RUN) |Con tinuous: |Continuous: |Continuous: |Continuous: | | |Time Trial, 3km |Time Trial, 3km |Time Trial, 3km |Time Trial, 2. km | |Wednesday (SCHOOL RUN) |Continuous: |Continuous: |Continuous: |Continuous: | | |Time Trial, 3km |Time Trial, 3km |Time Trial, 3km |Taper Jog, 2km | Figure 5: The running training and practice biathlon training that I will undertake at my swimming club and school throughout the 4 weeks. Each individual training session in detail can be viewed in the Appendices, on page 8. Justification of Programme The training cycle is designed to achieve an overall improvement in my swimming and running performance, through technique and endurance. Recall that my goals were to beat my record of 16:30 with a personal best and complete the 3km run section of the Biathlon under 11:30. These could be accomplished through improving my weaknesses, in different areas while using my strengths to my advantage to achieve the best possible result. The training programme is based on many base training principles in order to achieve the greatest outcome. Specificity was used to guide the development of the training program by finding the fitness components and energy systems required to reach my goals. The majority of my swimming and running training was working on Speed, Aerobic Fitness and Cardiovascular Fitness components while using the Anaerobic and Aerobic energy systems. The Progressive overload principle is also evident in my training program with increases in swimming intensity, kick set repetitions, time it took to run 3km and repetitions of the 200m sprints (see Appendices) spanning over the 4 week training cycle. Other slightly less important principles included are; frequency, duration, intensity and measurable progress. All this might convey that accomplishing my goals will be simple to achieve, but we have to take into consideration the principle of diminishing returns. It is the tendency for a continuing application of effort or skill toward a goal to decline in effectiveness after a certain level has been achieved. This principle applies strongly to me, as I have reached that certain level and my consistent effort is producing less improvement. â€Å"I thought the race could be won in the last kilometres. Every hill I ran in training I ran to gain an extra step in the final race. † Paul Tergat (Dr. Alan Goldberg, Sport Quotes) The quote above was spoken by Paul Tergat after outsprinting defending champion Hendrick Ramaala to win the New York Marathon by less than a second, the closest margin of victory in the race’s history. This amplifies that really there are no limits to performance; with hard work any goal is possible, and the effort always shows in the end. The goal should always stick to the principle of S. M. A. R. T goals though, with special account for diminishing returns. To achieve the first goal of completing the Biathlon in under 16:30 I need to improve overall in all my weaknesses. Referring back to Figure 1 it is evident what I need to develop on. First my improvement in my swimming stroke was incorporated into my swimming schedule (see Figure 4), through many sessions dedicated to recovery intervals which are practically technique sessions. In these sessions I worked on my hand entry and breathing with my coach to create a more efficient stroke. Next my running technique needed a large improvement in many areas. This was done through consulting sessions with a running tutor at my swimming club. I had been reaching out with my feet while running which results in more movement within my joints. Less motion through the joint means less ‘wear and tear’ and improved efficiency during my run. I had also been hunching my shoulders over, possibly restricting my breathing passage, allowing less oxygen to get to my working muscles. I integrated these technique changes into my running at my school and swimming club (see Figure 5). To improve my running speed and endurance I included many intensive interval sprints and continuous running time trials in my training programme (see Figure 5). To improve my overall leg work I incorporated the running training with kick workouts in the pool. These kick sets were included in all swimming sessions with increasing intensity and repetitions over the 4 training weeks. This is based on the principle of progressive overload which means that if an athlete wishes to improve, then they must train at a greater intensity that their current capacity (Amezdroz, 2004 : 315). To achieve the second goal of running under 11:30 in my Biathlon I needed to improve on my running weaknesses and leg work. This is already conveyed above in the technique changes made, in the intensive and continuous running training and in the kick sets in the pool. If I accomplish this, and run under 11:30 in the 3km, naturally it should make the first goal of completing the Biathlon under 16:30, a lot easier. Programme Modifications Originally for the training in week 4 (the last week) there was just the usual intensive training with an increasing emphasis on leg work (see Figure 4). This was modified in the closing days of week 3 due to a Burning Thigh Pain known as Meralgia Paresthetica. It could possibly have been a major problem in the final Baithlon if I had not decided to reduce the training intensity in the latter week. The intensity and distance in the swimming and running were drastically dropped in an attempt to reduce any further pain conflicting with my training. A small recovery taper swim and run were substituted on the Wednesday to help recover from any lactic acid build up due to the anaerobic system training and to ensure I peak correctly. This is all evident in Figure 4. A note would be that I didn’t fully recover from the thigh pain in time which probably inhibited my final performance. This is unfortunate because it doesn’t display the full potential of my training programme and what I can produce. In my running, I had been reaching out with my feet and landing on my heels. Thus creating movement within my hip joint area which compressed a nerve (see Figure 6). This supports a reason why my running technique was generally bad, if I had not altered it in this training programme, it could have been worse. Thus, it is vital to train with correct technique to reduce ‘running’ the risk of injury. Figure 6: Burning Thigh Pain Evaluation My training efforts were by and large varied, due to a lack in motivation, especially in self-motivation to run. Overall I put a solid effort in, with a few sessions losing that consistency in effort due to tiredness and possibly mental fatigue. This could be expected due to such an intensive training programme. The complete training cycle was completed with success though, with a drop in intensity in the last week due to various reasons discussed in the Programme Modification section. As a result, did my training programme accomplish my goals? In week 5 was when the final Biathlon was performed, occurring straight after my training cycle finished. I was tapered and in my peak for optimal performance (ignoring injury), and completed the Biathlon in a time of 15:41. 67. This is almost a whole minute faster than my previous time of 16:30 which was my personal best and record. In the 300m swim I swam a time of 3:35 and in the 3km run, ran a time of 11:04. This ticks off the first and second goal as completed. My training programme played a major part in this achievement, along with a big effort in the final performance. The anaerobic and aerobic system training paid off with the emphases on Speed, Aerobic Fitness and Cardiovascular Fitness. The individual training and cross-training with swimming and running showed in the final Biathlon. The work on technique and leg work, helped keep me efficient in my performance in many different aspects while building leg muscle in order to increase the Power and Speed components. If I was to recommend improvements that could be made to my training programme, then it would be to possibly incorporate gym and land training into the cycle, taking the place of some running or swimming sessions. This helps build muscle and the essential core of your body. Also a decrease in the number of training session could be dropped in week 4 along with the intensity to assist in reaching optimal recovery for the final event. Although this part is up to the individual athlete, because different bodies have different peaking and tapering time periods. As a conclusion my Training Programme that I have designed was a success for me and can be a success for many other athletes who want to improve in their Biathlon. I accomplished my goals that I set out to achieve, and improved my overall Biathlon performance with a personal best and a record. Appendices 1. Swimming: Each individual training session was different to promote variety (a training principle) because swimming can become boring after a while. Each session though, followed the same pattern; a warm up, a kick set, the main set and a swim down. They each covered distances depending on the type of main set. This is measured in kilometres. All the sessions are interval training, as each part of the session is based on time intervals. There are two types of interval training; intensive and recovery. Intensive interval means shorter rest intervals and recovery means longer rest intervals. The main set is either a Sprint or a Distance set. A sprint set means a shorter distance with the focus on speed and power; while a distance set means a longer distance with a focus on aerobic and cardiovascular fitness. These sessions were only measurable by distance and thus I have recorded the distance in km for each session in Figure 4. 2. Running: Sessions were substantially different to reflect variety and were held in different sceneries performing different, but similar exercises. There were two types of training: Intensive interval 200m sprints and Continuous training for 3km. These were both measured by time and maximum amount of reps. The intensive interval training consisted of 200m sprints continuously with 1 minute rest between each 200. The runner keeps going until they begin to lose pace and consistency. Then the amount of repetitions was recorded. My results were as follows; Week 1 No run (Practice Biathlon instead) Week 2 8 repetitions Week 3 9 repetitions Week 4 10 repetitions Thus there was an increase in the amount of repetitions I could complete over the four weeks. This relates back to the principle of Progressive Overload. Next there was the continuous training with the 3km run. This was a time trial and is measured by time; the results are shown below. Week 1 15:36, 15:07, 14:36 Week 2 14:38, 13:45, 13:43 Week 3 12:53, 12:34, 12:02 Week 4 Recovery week (Taper run) As evident above, the times decrease throughout the first 3 weeks down to a time of 12:02. Here, the progressive overload principle is also applied, as the time it takes to complete the 3km decreases. These results gave me a good indication of where I was at, and how much more work needed done to reach my target goals. Bibliography Internet Sources †¢ Dr. Alan Goldberg, Sport Quotes, https://www. competitivedge. om/quote-2202 (used 23/03/13) †¢ OrthoInfo, Burning Thigh Pain, http://orthoinfo. aaos. org/topic. cfm? topic=a00340 (used 24/03/13) †¢ Wikipedia, Progressive Overload, http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Progressive_overload (used 24/03/13) †¢ Elizabeth Quinn, Specificity, http://sportsmedicine. about. com/od/glos sary/g/Specificity_def. htm (used 27/03/13) Books †¢ Amezdroz, Queensland Senior Physical Education, Macmillan Education, 2004 †¢ Goldberg, This Is Your Brain On Sports, Dog Ear Publishing, 2011 Biathlon Training Effects and Processes By _______ Year 12 HPE Semester 1, 2013 Due Date: 29/03/13 1

Laissez-Faire Essays - Political Spectrum, Right-wing Politics

Laissez-Faire Explaining a Concept: Concept of the Invisible Hand in a Laissez-faire economy By preferring the support of domestic to that of foreign industry, he intends only his own security; and by directing that industry in such a manner as its produce may be of the greatest value, he intends only his own gain, and he is in this, as in many other cases, led by an invisible hand to promote an end which was no part of it. Adam Smith, Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations 1776. What business does a government have in commerce and trade? Why would a government want to interfere between two countries benefiting from each other by trade? What right does the government have in two individuals wanting each others products or services? According to some, commerce and trade should be permitted to operate free of controls of any kind; there should be no tariffs or other barriers. This is where the term laissez-faire is introduced. Its direct translation in French, leave alone to do, is self-explanatory. A strong believer in this type of economics is Adam Smith, both a philosopher and an economist. Born on 1723 in Kirkcaldy, Fife, he studied at Oxford, and became a professor of logic at Glasgow (1751), but took up the chair of moral philosophy the following year. In 1776, he moved to London, where he published An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations (1776), the first major work of political economy. This examined in detail the consequences of economic freedom, such as division of labor, the function of markets, and the international implications of a laissez-faire economy. Adam Smith is most remembered today for his explanation of our market system. A majority of people saw confusion when they observed economic activity in England during the middle of the 18th century. They saw everyone doing whatever they pleased and deemed necessary. Businesses produced whatever they wanted to make. Consumers purchased whatever they wanted to buy. No one told anyone what had to be bought and what had to be sold especially the government. And yet, somehow, businesses seemed to be providing the goods and services that consumers wanted and needed. Some might have called it luck; Adam Smith called it an invisible hand. And today, it is considered the laissez-faire economy. The invisible hand is a term for the unseen process of co-ordination which ensures consistency of individual plans in a decentralized market economy (Pearce, 220). Adam Smith introduced this phrase in his book, An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations (Book IV, Chap. II), who stressed the role that the invisible hand played in attaining a harmony of interests. Imagine this invisible hand suspended above everyone. This invisible hand encourages businesspeople to pursue profits and it pushes consumers to buy goods and services. And at the same time, that invisible hand discourages government from directing the economic activity. This invisible hand that Adam Smith refers to as a guiding force was the people and their attitudes. It all started with profit-seeking individuals. Using self-interest to feed their drive, people started businesses. When a business would become successful, others would notice and enter into the same field. As a direct result, growing consumer demand was satisfied while competition controlled rising prices. As demand grew, businesses were established in which workers shared tasks. This is called division of labor, in which one worker handled the first stage, another the second, and a third finished the product. The result was mass production, more efficiency, and lower costs. Mass production meant that people no longer had to grow there own food and remain on the farm; there would be enough to supply a large workforce. Paying all those laborers resulted in an army of consumers with money to spend. Adam Smith argued that an individual acting purely out of self-interest, would be a progressive force for the maximization of the total wealth of a nation. The role of the government should be permissive, creating a legal defensive setup sufficient to allow individual action. Interference with the free working of this natural order will reduce the growth of wealth and misdirect

Gender Issue in Legally Blonde Essays

Gender Issue in Legally Blonde Essays Gender Issue in Legally Blonde Essay Gender Issue in Legally Blonde Essay The document was written by an interviewer. 2. The document was written to give insight in the life of a slave woman. 3. The document is biased. The document is biased because Annie Coley was talking about slave life, but in the document she was only talking about her family’s life in slavery. (â€Å"We bought Sunday clothes. We got to rest three days at Christmas. We had a big dinner, but Boss gave us that out of his smokehouse. †) When Annie Coley says that, she is only referring to her own family during the slave days. She is not talking about slavery as a whole. 4. The document’s intended audience was basically the whole world; anybody who read it. 5. The document is an interview that was turned into an autobiography. 6. The document was written in the 1930’s. 7. The document was published in 1972. 8. The document focused on ex-slave Annie Coley’s life. 9. The document focused on the areas of freedom within the slave system, the situation of women in slavery, and the differences between slavery and freedom. 10. From the document I have learned that not all slave owners where terrible. I mean don’t get me wrong slavery in itself is horrible, but I mean in the way that the slaves where treated. For instance, when Annie Coley says (â€Å"After the crop was laid by, we went with Big Boss to his church and sat in the back seats. We couldn’t any of us read the Bible, so that was why Boss made us go to church so that we could hear it read. †) Although, the Boss should have let them go to school and learn how to read, he letting them hear the Bible being read in church was a gesture that he did care about them in some aspect. :

Raza Unida Party Book Report

Raza Unida Party Book Report The book has to do with third parties in the United States of America. The writer talks of a party – an organized ethnic grouping in the 1970s. The  group  had only one agenda – to question the existence of the historically  dominant  parties in the United States of America: democratic and republican parties. The book traces La Raza Unida Party  right  from its inception. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Raza Unida Party Book specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It outlines the reasons for the party formation, the group  vision  and  belief  and its leadership. The book details La Raza Unida Party’s structure, the main strategy employed and the electoral campaign  mode. Other things discussed in the book cover the  party  successes and failures. Besides theses issues, the book details with the general issues concerning the  political  organizing in some states within the United States of America. Some of the states mentioned in the book  include  Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, Mid West, Texas and California. The book utilizes rich resource basis to discuss political issues and suggest future political cause of action to be taken. Some of the material resources used by the writer for this book  include  written documents, diaries, letters, position papers and minutes. The author also uses published materials such as  strategy  literatures, published political magazines and articles in the newspapers. The author’s personal experience in the organization of this party informs most of the thoughts on this book. The writer documents in this book his involvement in the establishment of the La Raza Unida Party in the California state of the United States of America. This  brilliant  history shapes the  philosophy  and beliefs behind this great book. The book raises a discussion on the possibilities that third parties have to succeed in the American political scene. The book points out the political strengths and  key  weaknesses of the traditional political parties. It also highlights the historical matters concerning the  political  dictatorship of the two leading US parties. It noted the  politics  that favor some US citizens more than others. Book Discussion. This book is  vital  for the evaluation of the political climate in the United States of America. Anyone who wants to understand the  politics  played in the United States will have interest to read this book. The book highlights the political happenings in the United States of America. It also highlights the reasons why for decades and centuries it has been  difficult  to  defeat  these parties. The writer explores the reasons for  political  failures by third parties in the United States. The writer observes that a third party had to do with an organized group with leaders, registered members and political sup porters. The organized group got designated as a political party. Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It documented the  general  goals and claim to be achieved. It had to face  difficult  opposition  by the political systems and the  dominant  party dictatorship to  force  its ideologies to the American people. Important to note would be the fact that traditional parties were not about winning the loyalty of the American people as opposed to providing a real challenge to the dormant US political parties (Navarro, 2000, 4). Conclusion This book reveals the true identity of third parties, their political organizing and experiences. It provides  political  strategists with a way  forward  that when harnessed will change how democratic politics happen in the future of the United States of America. Navarro, Armando. La Raza Unida Party: A Chicano Challenge to the U.S. Two-Party Dictatorship. California: Temple University Press, 2000. Web.

Hitler and the collapse of Germany Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Hitler and the collapse of Germany - Essay Example The first four years of its existence, 1919-23 were surrounded by instability and chaos due to a number of reasons. The signing of the treaty of Versailles in June 1919 led to the state being ‘robbed’ of its assets by its Western Counterparts. The German people viewed it as not only the handing over of their land and industrial resources but of their pride and honor as well. This is why many people never came to fully accept the Weimar Republic. From the very beginning, the Weimar Republic faced a number of problems which included tough political opposition, from the left and the right of Weimar itself, economic instability, hostility from the western Allies, and ever increasing inflation. The Republic was under constant threat from political opponents, left, right and center, like the communist leaders Rosa Luxembourg and Karl Liebknecht. There were uprisings in various parts of Germany, attempts to take over Berlin and about 376 political murders. These rebellious attacks continued until November 1923, when they came to a halt with the failed â€Å"beer hall putsch† attempt by Adolf Hitler and the Nazis in Munich, the capital of Bavaria. Another reason why the Weimar Republic failed was that it was a democratic system and Weimar Germany had been given a purely democratic constitution. But Germany had never been a democratic state and the entire concept was new for it. Also, the general population itself had little trust in the government and the people were disappointed and shattered after Germany’s fall in the World War One. But one of the most serious problems that Germany had to face during those times was the brutal economic conditions. The cost of war was heavy on the state and it had to give up 6.600 million as compensations and damages to the Western Allies. It lost vital portions of land under the treaty of